SUSHIL KHANAL

In an age of rising environmental awareness and growing recognition of animal rights, the ethical treatment of animals in captivity demands urgent reflection. Once regarded as centres of education and entertainment, zoos today have become symbols of an outdated relationship between humans and nature — one that values spectacle over compassion, and captivity over freedom. Behind the boundaries and behind the cages built for human entertainment lies silent suffering. Elephants, tigers, reptiles, birds, and marine creatures spend their entire lives confined within limited spaces that can never replicate the complexity of their natural habitats. Deprived of movement, social interaction, and…